Friday, March 30, 2012

Pshycology

STRESS
Apa yang dimaksud dengan stress? Stress itu adalah respon fisiologis, psikologis, dan perilaku dari seseorang (baik laki maupun perempuan) untuk mencari penyesuaian terhadap tekanan yang sifatnya internal (psikologis) maupun eksternal (lingkungan).
Stress itu bagian dari kehidupan, sehingga menuntut kita untuk menyesuaikan diri. Stress merupakan reaksi awal dari penyesuaian diri tersebut. Sedikit stress membuat manusia menjadi waspada dan ini dibutuhkan agar kita mampu memotivasi diri, menyesuaikan diri, dan segera mencari cara untuk mengatasi stress tersebut. Stress jenis ini dinamakan eustress, yaitu stress yang membuat seseorang jadi bertambah kuat dan mampu menyesuaikan diri. Jadi wajar kalau kita dalam kondisi stres jenis yang ini.
Beberapa penyebab stress (stressor) bisa bersumber dari masalah kehidupan sehari-hari. Misalnya, ngehadapin UN, Pengawas UN yang galak, Bayangin ngak lulus UN, ketidakharmonisan rumah tangga, kehidupan kota yang sumpek (crauded, berisik, polusi, kepadatan), beban studi, atau kenyataan yang tidak sesuai dengan harapan. Bisa juga berasal dari kejadian-kejadian spesifik, yang menguntungkan maupun yang tidak. Apakah itu perubahan hidup (pernikahan, pindah sekolah, pindah tempat, pindah kerja, atau kematian anggota keluarga) atau kecelakaan (yang  menimbulkan perubahan fungsi tubuh/cacat).
Namun demikian bila seseorang gagal menyesuikan diri terhadap stress, artinya ia tidak mampu menyelesaikan persoalannya, tidak dapat mencapai harapan-harapannya, menderita, serta merasa tertekan, maka stressnya itu sudah termasuk jenis stres yang membahayakan, atau sudah masuk dalam kategori distress. Karena itu penting untuk mengetahui gejala-gejala stress jenis ini sehingga stress yang positif (eustress) tidak sampai berlanjut dan berkembang menjadi stress yang negatif (distress.)

Jika seseorang terkena stress, lalu gagal mengatasinya, maka stress orang tersebut akan berkembang menjadi stress yang negatif (distress). Distress pada beberapa orang (tergantung tipe orangnya) bisa berkembang menjadi gangguan jiwa, baik gangguan jiwanya temporal atau permanen. Nah, gangguan jiwa ini yang identik dengan gila dalam bahasa kita sehari-hari.

Tidak semua orang kalau mengalami gangguan bisa terkena stress yang negatif (distress). Hal tersebut sangat tergantung pada:
·         Kepribadian seseorang ,apakah dia fleksibel atau tidak.
·         Individu yang kesehatannya jelek akan lebih mudah mengalami stres.
·         Falsafah hidup atau keyakinan agama seseorang.
·         Persepsi (tanggapan seseorang terhadap stres ada bermacam-macam, yaitu biasa,agak risau, atau sangat mengganggu).
·         Posisi sosial, apakah individu itu cukup integratif di masyarakat, artinya dapat mengembangkan peran sebagai makhluk individu dan makhluk sosial.
Sumber-sumber penanggulangan stres dapat berasal dari diri sendiri maupun dari lingkungannya, misalnya:
·         Keluarga. Keluarga yang utuh dan serasi akan membantu kesehatan jiwa individu.
·         Sosial. Teman-teman sekerja dan teman-teman dari lingkungan lainnya diketahui mempunyai peran penting.
·         Masyarakat. Berupa bantuan dalam bentuk informasi bahwa individu tersebut diakui eksistensinya, dihargai, dan dihormati. Hal itu sangat membantu kesehatan jiwa individu.

Berikut adalah beberapa tips, 10 Cara Mengatasi Stress:

1. Berpikir Positif
Optimisme dapat menangkal dampak negatif stres, ketegangan dan kecemasan telah di sistem kekebalan tubuh Anda dan kesejahteraan. Sangat penting untuk mengelilingi diri dengan orang-orang positif. Getaran negatif dari teman-teman dan rekan kerja dapat menyebar, sehingga sulit bagi Anda untuk bersantai. Lihatlah situasi tertentu berbeda. Mungkin cara Anda mencari mungkin menyebabkan tekanan yang banyak.

2. Tidur
Aktivitas ini bisa dibilang efektif. Mendapatkan tidur nyenyak yang cukup memiliki dampak besar pada tingkat stres Anda. Fungsi kekebalan dan ketahanan terhadap penyakit pun bangkit.
Tidur tidak hanya mengurangi tingkat pemulihan Anda. Tapi ingat, ini bsia juga meningkatkan tingkat stres dalam tubuh Anda jika kadarnya berlebih. Jadi, jangan kesiangan karena ini akan membuat Anda bertambah lesu.

3. Tertawa
Tawa luka stres dan mempromosikan relaksasi. Itu, pada gilirannya, membantu sel-sel kekebalan tubuh berfungsi lebih baik. Temukan humor dalam hal-hal dan terlibat dalam aktivitas yang membuat Anda tertawa untuk meningkatkan fungsi kekebalan tubuh dan ketahanan terhadap penyakit.

4. Olahraga
Latihan akan merevitalisasi tubuh dan pikiran Anda dan Anda akan siap untuk menghadapi apa pun.Olahraga teratur dan aktivitas fisik tidak hanya memperkuat sistem kekebalan tubuh, sistem kardiovaskular, jantung, otot dan tulang, tetapi juga membantu dalam manajemen stres dengan menyediakan gangguan dari situasi stres dan meningkatkan endorfin (merasa-baik tubuh kimia).
Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 20 menit setiap hari adalah semua yang diperlukan untuk pengalaman manfaat. Jadi mendapatkan beberapa memompa darah dan melepaskan beberapa endorfin.

5. Meditasi
Meditasi sangat bagus tidak hanya untuk menghilangkan stres, tetapi juga untuk relaksasi otot. Penelitian telah menunjukkan bahwa meditasi dapat membantu dalam menurunkan tekanan darah.
Cobalah mulai sekarang renungkan untuk memanggil energi positif. Caranya mudah, cukup hanya mengambil nafas panjang dan mengosongkan pikiran Anda. Lakukan meditasi10 menit saja dan reguk manfaatnya.

6. Dengarkan Musik
Apakah Anda terjebak dalam kemacetan lalu lintas atau bersiap untuk hari yang berat di tempat kerja, mendengarkan musik favorit Anda merupakan metode yang bagus untuk mengurangi stres dan menghilangkan kecemasan.
Musik yang menenangkan dapat memiliki efek relaksasi pada gelisah, tegang pikiran. Hal ini juga dapat menurunkan tekanan darah, memperlambat pernapasan dan detak jantung. Cari tahu apa jenis musik yang bisa membantu Anda bekerja yang terbaik dan kemudian membuat koleksi musik untuk membantu Anda rileks dan merasa baik.

7. Pandai-pandailah bersyukur
Bersyukur merupakan cara yang paling ampuh dalam mengatasi stress, bagaimana tidak. karena pada umumnya orang mengalami stress karena tidak kuat dengan apa yang telah terjadi atau keadaan yang menimpanya. Dengan bersyukur kita akan senantiasa ingat bahwa segala sesuatu yang kita peroleh merupakan pemberian dari ALLAH SWT dan seyogyanya kita terima dan kita kerjakan dengan rasa ikhlas.

8. Libatkan indera Anda
Aroma tertentu dapat memiliki efek, menenangkan relaksasi pada keadaan pikiran Anda. Anda dapat mencoba menempatkan lilin lavender, lemon atau chamomile beraroma di sekitar rumah atau kantor Anda. Anda juga dapat menggunakan salah satu dari aroma di kamar mandi Anda.

9. Minum teh hijau
Teh hijau mengandung asam amino, Theanine, yang membantu dalam produksi dan pelepasan bahan kimia yang disebut Dopamin. Kedua Dopamin dan Theanine merangsang perasaan kesejahteraan di dalam tubuh. Namun, kafein dapat memperburuk respon stres, jadi hindari minuman berkafein.

10. Pijat
Pijat seluruh tubuh membantu untuk melepaskan ketegangan dan rasa sakit dari stres otot tegang. Jika Anda tidak pernah mengalami pijat, Anda akan kehilangan salah satu hal paling indah dalam hidup.

Thursday, August 4, 2011

Vocabulary Tasks
1.    Please define the following words, and make a sentence using the word. Each sentence should be related to the theme of hospitality industry.
2.    Post it in your blog.
       Example:
Word
Meaning
Example Sentence
Accessible



Adjoining


Air-conditioned



Amenities



Buffet service


Bungalows


Cabin



De luxe


Designated areas

Elaborate



Expand


Fee


High season


In advance


Lodge



Sanitary facilities



Self-contained

Spacious


Sparsely furnished


Suite

Throughout
That can be reached



To be in connection or contact.

To arrange temperature (air) with such a system.

Any feature that provides comfort,convenience or pleasure.
A meal laid out on a table and guest may serve themselves.

Type of house which have one storey.

A small house in rural area.

Wood exterior
exquisite in quality and design.

An area that choosen.


Worked out with great care and detail.

To increase in extent,size and volume.

A charge or payment for professional service.

The season when the highest occupancy.

Made or given for the time ahead.

Cottage used as a temporary residence,as for hunting ect.

Facilities that provided for health protection in order to be free from dirt and germs.

Having its own completeness (all that is necessary).

Having a lot of space.

Scanty/meager utensil.


Set of matching pieces of furniture.
In or into every part of.
I am trying to find a hotel which is accessible from the city.

My room has adjoining with my family.

Air-condition in this room is very good for your health.

The aminities in this hotel is made from herbal ingredients.

The restaurant in this hotel is using buffet service.

I’m looking for a bungalows to take a rest.

The ship of this cruise is sleeping in the cabin

My hotel has 200 for deluxe room.

The designated are to held the party is golf court.

I has elaborate preparations for a live guard.

My hotel will expand the golf court to attract the costumers.

The guest has paid the cancelation fee by AMEX.

Shangri-la hotel will approve the part time for the high season.

The travel agent has finished in advance deposit 2 days ago.

I am looking for lodge for the next holiday.


The sanitary facilities in this hotel is very good,there is a disposal bag in the bath room.

Horizon room is one of self-contained room in this hotel.

Melati hotel has a spacious occupancy for this season.

She lived in a sparsely furnished one-bedroom house

My suite room is has a balcon.

The polise searched throughout the hotel to find suspicious object.


Monday, August 1, 2011

Assignment Psychology 3 about "Conclusion Geese Story"

After I read the storyI want to make a summary about three thing,there are Cooperation,Motivation and Leadership.
Cooperation will make the job easierBeside that, we could be more advanced than working alone Every person living in this world can not work alone, but require assistance from others . Therefore, choose the cooperation than self-employed in order to obtain maximum results and satisfactory .
Motivation is a process that explains the intensitydirectionand persistence of an individual to achieve his goal . Someone who is weak, should be motivated to progress in life in order to achieve the desired goal .
Leadership has been described as the “process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task". In leadership , leader must be trusted by his subordinates. Leaders must not be selfish and leader must be able to bring the troops together . The leader can lead the formation, if the leader had a fault, the other must be help goose the leader to not be broken .

Assignment Psychology 2

Why customers had left the restaurant or your hotel ?

  1. Unsatisfactory service
  2. Waiters are not friendly
  3. Place which not strategic
  4. Dirty place
  5. Not hygiene
  6. Less attention
  7. Enterprise competition
  8. Unattractive

Assignment Psychology 1

8 of excellence in myself that makes me feel proud and confident :
  1. Posture body
  2. Sharp nose
  3. Black straight hair
  4. High solidarity
  5. Cool
  6. Fashionable
  7. Emphaty
  8. Maturity

Thursday, May 26, 2011

Don’t bully me: a personal diary

Sunday morning 7.30
Dear Diary
Had a bad dream last night. I was running… and running. There was this huge tiger chasing me. I was running faster and faster but I couldn’t get away. It was getting closer and then ... I woke up.
I held Flo in my arms. She makes me feel safe – she knows what’s going on. I can tell her. Keep having bad dreams. Didn’t use to be like that. I used to have loads of friends – like Sara and Jenny. Sara asked me to go to the shops but...
School’s been HELL since SHE came. I hate hate HATE her!!! I hate hate HATE her!!!

Sunday evening 20.15
Dear Diary
Went to Grandad’s.
Lucy came and we climbed the big tree. We played pirates. School tomorrow. Don’t think I can face it. Go to school and see HER! SHE’LL be waiting. I KNOW she will. Even when she isn’t there I’m scared she’ll come round a corner. Or hide in the toilets like a bad smell. Teachers never check what’s going on in there! If ONLY I didn’t have to go. Flo thinks I’ll be ok.

Monday morning 7.05
I had that dream again. Only this time it was HER who was chasing me. I was trying to run away but she kept getting closer and her hand was just on my shoulder... then I woke up.
I feel sick but I made myself eat breakfast, so mum won’t think anything’s up. Can’t tell anyone. They will think I’m soft and I’m not. It’s just that girl and what SHE does to me.

Monday evening 20.30
Dear D
SHE was there. Waiting. Just routed the corner from school where nobody could see her. SHE grabbed my arm and it behind my back.
Said if I gave her money SHE wouldn’t hit me. I gave her what I had. I didn’t want to be hit. “I’ll get you tomorrow!” SHE said and pushed me over before she walked off.
It hurt like hell. SHE ripped my favorite trousers!
Told mum I fell over. She sewed them up. I feel like telling Sara or Jenny but they won’t understand!! Glad I’ve got you and Flo to talk to.

Tuesday morning 7.30
Couldn’t sleep last night. Just lay there. Too scared to go to sleep. Too scared I’d have that dream, again. SHE’ll be waiting for me. Why does SHE always pick on ME? I haven’t done anything to her. Must have dropped off, cos next thing mum was waking me. Couldn’t eat breakfast. Gave it to Sam so mum wouldn’t notice.

Tuesday evening 20.00
SHE followed me out of school – all big and tough.
SHE pulled my hair. Wanted to scream but I didn’t want to give her the satisfaction. “You got my money?” SHE spat at me. Shook my head. “I’ll have this,” SHE snarled, snatching my PE bag, “‘til you give it to me.” I’d love to give it to her! Feel like punching her fat face! What can I do? I can’t hit her cos she’s bigger than me.
I can’t ask mum or dad for the money cos they’ll want to know what it’s for.

Wednesday morning 5.30
Diary, I’ve done something bad. Really bad! If mum finds out I don’t know what she’ll do. But I’ll be in big trouble – for sure.Last night I saw mum’s purse on the table. I was on my own and so I took £5.I’ll put it back as soon as I can.I’ll save my pocket money.I’ll try and earn some money.Hope mum doesn’t miss it.She’ll go mad!

Wednesday evening 19.47
This has been the worst day of my life!!
1st – got told off cos I didn’t have my PE things.
2nd – hadn’t done my homework.
3rd – SHE was by the side gate – waiting.
She twisted my arm and took the money. Threw my bag in the mud.
4th – SHE wants more. I can’t get more.
I’ve already stolen from my mum. I don’t know what to do.
Wish I’d never been born!!

Thursday morning 8.15
I can’t believe it.
Mum’s found out!!
She wanted to know if anybody had seen her £5 note. We all said no. What else could I say? I feel bad, really bad. I hate lying. Mum said she’s taking me to school. At least I’ll be safe ‘til home time.

Thursday evening 18.30
On the way to school mum asked me if I took the money. She looked so sad. I had thought of lying but seeing her face l just couldn’t. I said yes and like a stupid idiot burst into tears. Mum asked why? And I told her about the girl and what she’d been doing to me. I told her how scared I was. I couldn’t stop crying.
Mum held me and hugged me. When I’d called down, she asked, if there was anyone at school l could talk to? I shook my head. She asked if l would like her to talk to my teacher.

Friday morning 6.35
Dearest Diary
Still woke up real early but I DIDN’T HAVE THAT DREAM!! I feel a bit strange. Know she won’t be in school – they suspended her for a week. What if she’s outside? My teacher said she did it to others – to Jess and Paul. I thought she’d only picked on me. But what happens if she’s there?
Friday evening 20.45
She really wasn’t there!!! I had a talk with a nice lady who said I could talk to her at any time. She said that if anyone is bullying you, you should try and tell somebody. I told Sara and Jenny. Sara said it had happened to her at her last school. Not the money bit but this boy kept picking on her.
We’re all going to look after each other at school so that nobody else will get bullied. Maybe it’ll be ok. When I got home mum made my favorite dinner.

Saturday morning 8.50
No school!!No bad dreams!!
Had a look on the net and there was loads about bullying. I didn’t think that it happened often but it happens all the time! Even to grown-ups and fishes. Did you know that fishes can die from the stress of being bullied?
There are all kinds of helplines and stuff like that – for people, not fishes!! I wish I’d known!

Saturday evening 21.05
Dad took me and Sam to see a film. It was really funny. We had such a laugh. Sam wanted to know why I never told him about what was going on. “I would have smashed her face!” he said. “That would just have made you a bully too!” I told him.

♦♦♦♦

What Ellie found out about bullying:

If you are bullied by anyone in any way IT IS NOT YOUR FAULT!
NOBODY DESERVES TO BE BULLIED!
NOBODY ASKS TO BE BULLIED!

There are many ways in which somebody can be bullied. Can you name the ways in which Ellie was bullied?


Here is a list of some of the ways children are bullied:

Being teased
Being called names
Getting abusive messages on your mobile phone
Getting hate mail either on email or by letter
Being ignored or left out
Having rumors or lies spread about you
Being pushed, kicked, shoved or pulled about
Being hit or punched or hurt physically in any way
Having your bag or other belongings taken and thrown about
Being forced to hand over money or your belongings
Being attacked because of your race, religion or the way you speak or dress

♦♦♦♦

Ellie found that it helped to keep a diary of what was happening to her. It’s a way of keeping a record of dates and times when things occurred. It’s also a way of not bottling everything up. It is important that you try and tell somebody what is going on.
Maybe you could try talking to a friend who you trust.
Maybe you could try talking to your mum or dad, sister or brother.
Maybe there is a teacher at school who you feel comfortable talking to.
Most schools have an anti-bullying policy and may have somebody (like the kind lady Ellie mentions in her diary) to talk to.

Henriette Barkow
Ellie’s secret diary: don’t bully me
London, Mantra Lingua, 2004
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